A brother and I have been exchanging messages concerning the translation of the Bible especially on the matter on Ephesians 1:5. As we message each other back and forth I was helped to study the meaning of the word "sonship." Below is my message to him.
The original Greek text in Ephesians 1:5
Eph 1:5 προορίσας ἡμᾶς εἰς υἱοθεσίαν διὰ Ἰησοῦ Χριστοῦ εἰς αὐτόν, κατὰ τὴν εὐδοκίαν τοῦ θελήματος αὐτοῦ.
You mentioned "father (adopted us)". According to the original Greek text, and the word of God in John 1:12-13, 3:3,5 and few others, we are "born of God". That's why the Bible uses the word "born again" or "born anew" and not "adopted". Many Bible translation did not capture the accurate meaning, thereby introducing a notion of "adoption". There is a vast distinction between adoption and sonship.
As a Christian, I am born again of God’s divine life and nature to be children of God, so are you and all genuine believers, not adopted.
If a person is merely "adopted of God", he is still not a genuine believer, not born but adopted. But the fact is, we are all born of God, therefore I can call you brother M_____. Birth has a life-relation, adoption has no life relation, but law-relation.
This is what I learn from the study of the word and am sharing it to you.
Praise the Lord brother M_____!
Later, I studied from scholarly writers and wrote an article:
In the spirit of fellowship and brotherhood, let me offer my study and learning from the word of God on "Adoption" and "Sonship."
Adoption or Sonship?
As Christian our relationship with God is that of a Father-son, being biblically and experientially proven.
Galatians 3:26For you are all sons of God through faith in Christ Jesus.
Romans 8:14For as many as are led by the Spirit of God, these are sons of God.
Our spiritual birth by faith by believing into the Lord Jesus Christ qualifies us as children of God as being born of God by the Spirit in our human spirit (John 1:12,13; 3:3,5). Unfortunately, many Bible translation did not capture the spiritual truth conveyed in the Greek word for sonship. Therefore, translators of the Bible need to have a full and complete grasp of spiritual revelation in addition to being scholarly in Greek and the target language, in this case, English. The choice of word, especially the text of the Bible, should have been done with utmost care as it affects the thought and belief of the readers which they even deem as the word of God. The original Greek text indeed is the authentic word of God, but if a translation has ambiguity or even err in conveying the thought of God, it is a serious concern. Here comes the need for an accurate translation of the Bible. Though may not be feasible, as much as possible, learning Greek is a great advantage for lovers of the Lord and His word.
The Greek Word Meaning for Sonship- huiothesia
The word huiothesia is a compound word with two parts: a noun huios meaning son, and thesia derived from the verb tithemi, meaning to set, put, or place. Therefore huiothesia literally means setting someone as a son or putting someone in the place of a son.
How did God set or put someone as a son?
The Bible emphatically reveals this process of setting or putting sinners as His sons by an organic process called born again, born anew, or regeneration. There is no absolute thought of this being a judicial process merely as the notion conveyed by the English word "adoption" which commonly understood as the act or process of taking a child of other parents and making him as his own, perhaps, by legal means. To render this meaning of "adoption" is not a proper spiritual thought at all as our faith in Christ is not a matter of adoption by law but of sonship by life.
The word huiothesia (lit., setting one as a son) occurs five times in the New Testament (Rom. 8:15, 23; 9:4; Gal. 4:5; Eph. 1:5) and has been translated in the majority of English versions as "adoption as sons." A more accurate translation is, "sonship", since it conveys the sense of the abiding status of being a son, born organically of the Father, same in life and in nature (1 John 3:1-2, 2 Peter 1:4), which the word "adoption" cannot convey. Therefore, a couple of scholars translated the Bible from Greek again, not undermining the existing translation, but referencing them and respecting the tradition of translation that have existed since time immemorial, yet rendering a more accurate word wherever necessary of which the Recovery Version of the Bible is one such.
As a believer, I feel indebted to share what I have learned to my fellow believers so that we may learn from one another and be built up with one another through the full knowledge of the word of God, for it is the word that can make us grow and build us up (Acts 20:32).
May the Lord bless this fellowship.